Gradually turn on lights.

[LibraSun]

I've created this Topic to document a few tried-and-true methods for discovering, storing and retrieving your HA controller's external IP address, without signing up or paying for a DynDNS account, etc.

PLEASE ADD YOUR FAVORITE METHOD(S), TOO!

[LibraSun]

METHOD: Use HTTP Request via 'MyIP.la' service

I created a Rule that runs every hour and sends a GET request to https://api.myip.la/en?json, storing the returned JSON object in a variable called myIP.

The next two steps in the Rule's "Set Reaction" store the actual 'ip' portion of this object into:
(a) a Global variable ip := ${{ myIP.ip }}
(b) a made-up variable on my System Monitor device on Vera, using "x_vera_device.set_variable" to modify the service "urn:cd-jackson-com:serviceId:SystemMonitor" variable "myIP"

This way, all my Rules (esp. those that send me SMTP messages) have access to my Reactor/Vera network's latest external IP address and can either include it in emails, or trigger whenever the IP address changes, etc.

I can also log into Vera remotely (through Mios servers) and inspect the value of the 'myIP' variable under System Monitor > Advanced > Variables if I need the address for remote (port-forwarded) access to Multi-System Reactor, etc.

[LibraSun]

METHOD: Inspect email headers sent by Notify > SMTP

This one's a no-brainer. After opening any recent email from Reactor, just do a "View Original" (in Gmail or other email client) and inspect the "Received : From" line.

Somewhere on that line you should see the external IP address of your home network, from which MSR generated the email message.

[cw-kid]

Thanks for writing about this, following your lead I was able to create a rule to grab my current WAN IP every 5 minutes and a second rule to trigger if it has changed then notify me. This is useful for being notified if the VPN tunnel on the router has dropped and the WAN IP has reverted back to the ISP one etc.

[cw-kid]

Just found this free API that will also give your WAN IP

https://api.ipify.org/?format=json

[a-lurker]

This also works but it does not return json: my ip address. There are a few others including this. EDIT: looking at this further; there are lots of site that will do this.

[LibraSun]

Maybe this is fair game to ask @toggledbits to include as native "system info" within MSR then, instead of rolling our own IP detection. After all, he's already pinging DNS servers to monitor Internet availability.

Answer: "Nope" (reasons below)

[toggledbits]

Yeah, but that's not really related; the fact that they are both network-based queries is about where the commonality ends. Pinging the DNS servers doesn't give me any information back other than that they are reachable, and that's not even done the same way (it's handled at layer 3 in the stack). I'm not making a DNS query to them (which would be up at the top layer 7). The ping is meant to be fast and speak only to the functioning of routing beyond the LAN, where a DNS query (or more correctly, a DNS failure) would require a lot more analysis to determine if a problem was a fault of the network layer, the service, the server, etc.

A DNS query is also not really going to expose your external IP. It has to route through it, for sure, but the DNS response packet itself contains only an answer to the question asked, which is typically "what is the A or AAAA record for <some name>?". The response contains only the answer to the question asked (it's one of <array of addresses>" or "I don't know"), and does not contain routing information for how either the query or the response moved. The only way to use DNS to get your external IP is if (a) your external IP has a name associated with it, (b) the owner of the domain in which the name lives has provided PTR records to provide "reverse DNS" data (map the name back to an IP address), and (c) you make a reverse DNS query for that name (which is not what's happening). That's such a "hail Mary" set of conditions in the real world (and requires user configuration when it is possible) that sites like ipify.org exist and are more useful.

[cw-kid]

This trigger isn't working for me. I am getting a lot of false triggers where its saying my WAN IP address has changed when it hasn't.

Sometimes it's showing a value of

${{ myIP.ip }}

And then the rule fires suggesting the WAN IP has changed when it hasn't.

I need the "changes" trigger to only trigger if its validated more than once or over a period of time, that the actual WAN IP address has changed and its not some blip or problem or slowness with it working out what the WAN IP really is.

[LibraSun]

Good catch. Sounds like some other condition is called for, which either inspects the contents of myIP.ip for a suitable RegEx match (e.g. digits and dots) or verifies that the contained value is not NULL, or at least different from the literal ${{}} you experienced.

[toggledbits]

That non-substituted value means that the expression failed. Check the log. I suspect that the query is failing from time to time, resulting in no data to myIP. That would also be in the log. The query failing will clear myIP, and that would make myIP.ip throw an evaluation error.

This would be a good use for the ?. operator: myIP?.ip will return null if the fetch fails and myIP gets cleared, rather than throwing an error. You can then test for that null.

[cw-kid]

I've changed the rule to use "myIP?.ip" instead that seems to still work OK and my current WAN IP is brought down from the online API request.

As for the false triggering when the query is failing from time to time, I tried setting the trigger "for at least X secs"

Expression Value: ip changes from 11.222.333.444 to (any) for at least 360 secs

However this doesn't seem to work at all. I turned off my VPN and the WAN IP address changed, the rule that checks for the IP worked and the global expression contains the new IP address.

However the other rule that is meant to trigger on expression value changes from specified IP to any other IP / value never fired.

So I am not sure what is the best way to setup this trigger, so it works and doesn't false fire if the expression value goes to null / the http request query didn't happen to work that time.

[LibraSun]

I was going to suggest the ol' "Sustained for __ seconds" trick, so glad you landed upon the same solution. Unclear why something would "stop working" just because of that. Have you checked the Logs? And is the secondary Rule enabled?

[cw-kid]

@librasun If I removed the sustained for X seconds it starts "working" again but I am still getting false triggers though sometimes.

[cw-kid]

Thought I'd try this one instead:

Is this a bug however ? I cannot set that to more than 60 seconds if I put in 360 seconds and save it reverts back to 60 seconds.

[toggledbits]

The changes operator produces a pulsed output (otherwise you would never be notified of two or more changes sequentially). A pulsed output cannot be "sustained", because it only ever lasts 10ms or less.

Since you are testing "changes from expected to anything else", that's really not logically different from "not equal to expected". Use a plain equality/inequality. That will produce a sustained output for which the sustained for restriction can be used.

[cw-kid]

@toggledbits

OK thanks that makes sense.

I will not use "Changes" then in the trigger.

Instead I will try <> NOT expected value (IP address) and use a sustained for X secs.

[toggledbits]

On my end I'll tighten up the UI so that option can't be selected when the changes operator is used.